1 Rappon et al. Control of myopia using diffusion optics spectacle lenses: 12-month results of a randomised controlled, efficacy and safety study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2023;107:1709-1715
2 Laughton et al. Control of myopia using contrast modulation spectacle lenses in a Chinese population: 12-month results. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2025;66(8):2815.
3 Morgan IG, Wu PC, Ostrin LA, Tideman JWL, Yam JC, Lan W, Baraas RC, He X, Sankaridurg P, Saw SM, French AN, Rose KA, Guggenheim JA. IMI Risk Factors for Myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2021 Apr 28;62(5):3. doi:10.1167/iovs.62.5.3. PMID: 33909035; PMCID: PMC8083079.
4 Biswas S, El Kareh A, Qureshi M, Lee DMX, Sun CH, Lam JSH, Saw SM, Najjar RP. The influence of the environment and lifestyle on myopia. J Physiol Anthropol 2024;43(1):7.
5 Flitcroft et al. The Spatial Frequency Content of Urban and Indoor Environments as a Potential Risk Factor for Myopia Development. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2020;61(11):42
6 Guo Y, Liu LJ, Tang P, Lv YY, Feng Y, et al. (2017) Outdoor activity and myopia progression in 4-year follow-up of Chinese primary school children: The Beijing Children Eye Study. PLOS ONE 12(4): e0175921
7 Li X, Li L, Qin W, et al. Urban Living Environment and Myopia in Children. JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(12):e2346999. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46999
8 Rappon et al. Control of myopia using diffusion optics spectacle lenses: 12-month results of a randomised controlled, efficacy and safety study. Br J Ophthalmol 2023;107:1709-1715.1.
9 SGV data on file 2025: 2024/25 sales data and repeat purchase rates; reflects global usage across multiple regions.
10 Neitz M et al. Insight from OPN1LW Gene Haplotypes into the Cause and Prevention of Myopia. Genes. 2022;13(6):942
11 McCullough SJ, et al. Six Year Refractive Change among White Children and Young Adults: Evidence for Significant Increase in Myopia among White UK Children. PLoS ONE 2016 11(1):e0146332.